Simba remhepo razova rimwe remanyuko esimba rakachena rinobvira zvikuru pasi pano. Kwemakore akawanda, mazhinji emagetsi edu aibva mumarasha, oiri uye mamwe mafuta efossil. Nekudaro, kugadzira simba kubva kune izvi zviwanikwa zvinokonzeresa kukuvadza kwakakomba kunharaunda yedu uye kusvibisa mhepo, nyika uye mvura. Kuzivikanwa uku kwaita kuti vanhu vazhinji vatendeuke kune simba regirini semhinduro. Naizvozvo, simba rinogonekazve rakakosha zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira:
-Positive zvakatipoteredza kukanganisa
-Mabasa uye mamwe mabhenefiti ehupfumi
-Kuvandudzwa kwehutano hweveruzhinji
-Simba rakakura uye risingaperi
-Imwe yakavimbika uye yakasimba simba system
Muna 1831, Michael Faraday akagadzira jenareta rekutanga remagetsi. Akaona kuti magetsi anogona kugadzirwa mucondukita kana afambiswa nepamagineti. Anenge makore 200 gare gare, magineti uye magineti minda inoramba ichiita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi emazuva ano. Mainjiniya anoenderera mberi nekuvaka pamusoro pezvakagadzirwa naFaraday, nemagadzirirwo matsva ekugadzirisa matambudziko emuzana ramakore re21.
Inoonekwa sechimedu chakaomesesa chemuchina, maturbine emhepo ari kuwedzera mukurumbira muchikamu chesimba rinodzokororwa. Pamusoro pezvo, chikamu chega chega cheturbine chinoita basa rakakosha mumashandiro ainoita uye kutora simba remhepo. Nenzira yakapfava, mashandiro anoita maturbine emhepo ndeokuti:
-Mhepo ine simba inoshandura mapanga
-Mashizha e fan akabatanidzwa kune main channel pakati
-Jenareta yakabatana neshaft iyoyo inoshandura kufamba ikoko kuita magetsi
Magineti echigarire anoita basa rakakosha mune mamwe makuru epasi rose emhepo turbines. Magineti epasi asingawanzo, akadai seane simba neodymium-iron-boron magineti, akashandiswa mune mamwe magadzirirwo emhepo-turbine kudzikisa mutengo, kuvandudza kuvimbika, uye kuderedza kudiwa kwekudhura uye kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirisa. Pamusoro pezvo, kuvandudza matekinoroji matsva mumakore achangopfuura kwakakurudzira mainjiniya kuti vashandise masisitimu echigarire maginereta (PMG) muma turbines emhepo. Naizvozvo, izvi zvakabvisa kudiwa kwemagiya mabhokisi, zvichiratidza kuti magineti echigarire masisitimu ave anodhura-inoshanda, akavimbika uye akaderera-kugadzirisa. Panzvimbo pekuda magetsi ekuburitsa magineti, magineti makuru e neodymium anoshandiswa kugadzira awo. Uyezve, izvi zvakabvisa kudiwa kwezvikamu zvakashandiswa mumajenareta apfuura, zvichideredza kumhanya kwemhepo kunodiwa kugadzira simba.
A anogara magineti synchronous jenareta ndiyo imwe mhando yemhepo-turbine jenareta. Kusiyana nemajenareta ekupinza, aya majenareta anoshandisa simba remagineti remagineti akasimba asingawanzo pasi panzvimbo pemagetsi. Izvo hazvitsvage zvindori zvinotsvedza kana simba rekunze rekugadzira magineti. Vanogona kushandiswa nekumhanya kwakaderera, izvo zvinovabvumira kuti vagone kushandiswa ne turbine shaft zvakananga uye, saka, havadi gearbox. Izvi zvinoderedza huremu hwemhepo-turbine nacelle uye zvinoreva kuti shongwe dzinogona kugadzirwa nemutengo wakaderera. Kubviswa kwegiya bhokisi kunokonzeresa kuvimbika, kudzikisa mutengo wekugadzirisa, uye nekuvandudza kushanda. Kugona kwemagineti kubvumidza vagadziri kuti vabvise mechanic gearboxes kubva kumhepo turbines chiratidzo chekuti magineti anogona kushandiswa sei mukugadzirisa matambudziko ekushanda uye ehupfumi mumaturbine emhepo emazuva ano.
Indasitiri ye turbine yemhepo inofarira zvisingawanzo pasi magineti nekuda kwezvikonzero zvitatu zvikuru:
-Permanent maginereta haadi rekunze simba sosi kuti atange magineti
-The self-excitation zvinorevawo bhangi mabhatiri kana capacitors mamwe mabasa anogona kuva maduku
-Kugadzirwa kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwemagetsi
Pamusoro pezvo, nekuda kweiyo yakakwira-simba density yekusingaperi maginereta inopa, humwe huremu hune hukama nemhangura windings hunobviswa pamwe nezvinetso zvekusvibisa kuvharirwa uye kupfupika.
Simba remhepo riri pakati pezvitubu zviri kukurumidza kukura zvesimba muchikamu chekushandisa nhasi.
Mabhenefiti makuru ekushandisa magineti mumaturbine emhepo kugadzira yakachena, yakachengetedzeka, inoshanda zvakanyanya uye inogoneka mune zvehupfumi sosi yesimba remhepo zvine mhedzisiro yakanaka kupasi redu, huwandu hwevanhu uye mararamiro atinoita nekushanda.
Mhepo inzvimbo yakachena uye inovandudzwazve mafuta anogona kushandiswa mukugadzira simba remagetsi. Ma turbines emhepo anogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nemamwe magetsi anovandudzwa kuti abatsire nyika nenyika kuzadzisa zviyero zvepodfolio zvinogoneka uye zvinangwa zvekuburitsa kunonoka kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Maturbine emhepo haabudise carbon dioxide kana mamwe magasi egreenhouse anokuvadza, izvo zvinoita kuti simba rinofambiswa nemhepo rive nani kune zvakatipoteredza pane zvisaririra-based sources.
Pamusoro pekudzikisa kuburitsa gasi regreenhouse, simba remhepo rinopa mamwe mabhenefiti pamusoro pechinyakare magetsi ekugadzira magetsi. Nyukireya, marasha, uye gasi remagetsi emagetsi anoshandisa mvura yakawanda zvinoshamisa mukugadzira simba remagetsi. Mumhando idzi dzemagetsi emagetsi, mvura inoshandiswa kugadzira chiutsi, kudzora kuburitsa, kana kutonhora. Yakawanda yemvura iyi inozobuditswa mumhepo muchimiro che condensation. Ukuwo, maturbine emhepo haadi mvura kugadzira magetsi. Kukosha kwemapurazi emhepo nokudaro kunowedzera zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzisina mvura uko kuwanikwa kwemvura kuri kushoma.
Zvichida bhenefiti iripachena asi yakakosha yesimba remhepo ndiko kuti peturu haina mahara uye inowanikwa munharaunda. Kusiyana neizvi, mitengo yemafuta emafuta emafuta efosil inogona kuve imwe yemitengo mikuru yekushanda kwegwenya remagetsi uye ingangoda kutorwa kubva kune vekunze vatengesi izvo zvinogona kugadzira kutsamira pane ino vhiringa cheni dzekugovera uye inogona kukanganiswa nekupokana kwezvematongerwo enyika. Izvi zvinoreva simba remhepo rinogona kubatsira nyika kuti dzive nesimba rakazvimirira uye kuderedza njodzi yekushanduka kwemitengo mumafuta efosi.
Kusiyana nemafuta ane magumo akadai semarasha kana gasi rechisikigo, mhepo isimba rinogara riripo risingade mafuta efossil kugadzira simba. Mhepo inogadzirwa nekusiyana kwetembiricha uye kusimba kwemhepo mumhepo uye imhaka yekupisa kwezuva pamusoro pePasi. Sechitubu chemafuta, mhepo inopa simba risingagumi uye, chero bedzi zuva richiramba richipenya, mhepo icharamba ichivhuvhuta.
