Tesla yakazivisa nhasi pazuva rayo rekudyara kuti kambani ichavaka isingawanzo-yepasi-yemahara magineti yemagetsi mota mota.
Rare Earth ibhonzo rekupokana mumagetsi ekutakura mota nekuti zvekushandisa zvakaoma kuchengetedza uye zvakawanda zvekugadzirwa kwenyika zvinogadzirwa kana kugadziriswa muChina.
Izvi zvakakosha nezvikonzero zvakati wandei, kwete chidiki zvacho iBiden manejimendi yazvino dhiraivha yekugadzira zvinhu zvemagetsi emagetsi emotokari.
Zvisinei, pane zvakawanda zvisiri izvo pamusoro pekuti REE chii uye kuti REE yakawanda sei inoshandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi.Muchokwadi, mabhatiri e-lithium-ion kazhinji haana mavhu asingawanzo (kunyangwe aine mamwe "maminerari akakosha" sekutsanangurwa kwazvinoitwa neInflation Reduction Act).
Mune tafura ye periodic, "rare earths" zvinhu zvinoratidzwa mutsvuku mumufananidzo uri pasi apa - lanthanides, pamwe ne scandium uye yttrium.Muchokwadi, ivo havana kunyanya kuwanda kana, neodymium kweanenge maviri-matatu emhangura yemukati.
Kashoma pasi zvinhu mumotokari dzemagetsi zvinoshandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi, kwete mabhatiri.Inonyanya kushandiswa ndeye neodymium, magineti ane simba anoshandiswa mumatauri, madhiraivha akaomarara uye mota dzemagetsi.Dysprosium uye terbium zvinowanzoshandiswa zvekuwedzera kune neodymium magineti.
Zvakare, haasi ese marudzi emagetsi emota mota anoshandisa maREE-Tesla anoashandisa mune ayo echigarire magineti DC mota, asi kwete mune ayo AC induction motors.
Pakutanga, Tesla akashandisa AC induction motors mumotokari dzayo, izvo zvaisada zvisingawanzo pasi.Chaizvoizvo, apa ndipo pakabva zita rekambani - Nikola Tesla ndiye muvambi weiyo AC induction mota.Asi pakazobuda Model 3, kambani yakaunza mota nyowani yemagineti uye pakupedzisira yakatanga kuishandisa mune dzimwe mota.
Tesla akataura nhasi kuti yakakwanisa kudzikisa huwandu hwepasi isingawanzo shandiswa mune idzi nyowani Model 3 powertrains ne25% pakati pe2017 ne2022 nekuda kwekuvandudza simba retraining.
Asi ikozvino zvinoita sekunge Tesla ari kuyedza kuwana zvakanakisa zvepasirese: inogara magineti mota asi isina isingawanzo pasi.
Iyo huru imwe nzira yeNdFeB yemagineti echigarire iri nyore ferrite (iron oxide, kazhinji nekuwedzera kwebarium kana strontium).Iwe unogona kugara uchiita magineti echigarire akasimba nekushandisa mamwe magineti, asi nzvimbo iri mukati memotor rotor ishoma uye NdFeBB inogona kupa mamwe magineti nezvinhu zvishoma.Zvimwe zvechigarire magineti zvinhu pamusika zvinosanganisira AlNiCo (AlNiCo), iyo inoita zvakanaka pakudziya kwepamusoro asi inorasikirwa nemagnetization nyore, uye Samarium Cobalt, imwe isingawanzo gineti yepasi yakafanana neNdFeB asi iri nani pakupisa kwakanyanya.Zvimwe zvezvimwe zvezvimwe zvinhu zviri kutsvagirwa pari zvino, zvakanangana nekuvhara mukaha uripo pakati pemaferrite nemapasi asingawanzo, asi izvi zvichiri murabhoritari uye hazvisati zvagadzirwa.
Ndinofungidzira kuti Tesla akawana nzira yekushandisa rotor ine ferrite magineti.Kana ivo vakaderedza REE zvemukati, izvo zvaireva kuti ivo vaive vachidzikisa huwandu hwemagineti echigarire mu rotor.Ini ndakabheja ivo vakafunga kuwana isingasviki pane yakajairwa flux kubva kune hombe chidimbu cheferrite pane chidimbu chidiki cheNdFeB.Ndinogona kunge ndisina kururama, vanogona kunge vakashandisa imwe nzira pachiyero chekuedza.Asi izvo zvinoita sezvisingaite kwandiri - Tesla arikuvavarira kugadzirwa kwakawanda, izvo zvinoreva zvisingawanzo pasi kana ferrites.
Munguva yemharidzo yezuva rekudyara, Tesla akaratidza siraidhi achienzanisa kushandiswa kwazvino kwepasi isingawanzo muModel Y chigarire magineti mota ine inogona chizvarwa chinotevera mota:
Tesla haana kutsanangura kuti ndezvipi zvinhu zvaaishandisa, pamwe achitenda kuti ruzivo irwo chakavanzika chekutengeserana chaaisada kuburitsa.Asi nhamba yekutanga inogona kuva neodymium, yakasara inogona kuva dysprosium uye terbium.
Kana dziri injini dzemangwana - zvakanaka, hatina chokwadi.Girafu yaTesla inoratidza kuti chizvarwa chinotevera mota ichave iine magineti isingaperi, asi iyo magineti haizoshandise isingawanzo pasi.
Neodymium-yakavakirwa magineti echigarire anga ari chiyero chezvishandiso zvakadaro kwenguva yakati, asi zvimwe zvingangoitika zvakaongororwa mumakore gumi apfuura kuti zvitsive.Nepo Tesla asati ataura kuti ndeipi yaanoronga kushandisa, zvinoita sekunge yave pedyo nekuita sarudzo - kana kuti anoona mukana wekuwana mhinduro iri nani munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Jameson anga achityaira mota dzemagetsi kubvira 2009 uye anga achinyora nezve mota dzemagetsi uye yakachena simba re electrok.co kubvira 2016.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-08-2023